Cunliffe’s classic study of the ancient Celtic world was first published in 1997. Since then huge advances have taken place in our knowledge: new finds, new ways of using DNA records to understand Celtic origins, new ideas about the proto-urban nature of early chieftains' strongholds. Cunliffe explores the archaeological reality of these bold warriors and skilled craftsmen of barbarian Europe, who inspired fear in both the Greeks and the Romans. He investigates the texts of the Classical writers and contrasts their view of the Celts with current archaeological findings.